192 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
192 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
# Cloudwall e kholo
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## Emisa Cloudflare
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| 🖹 | 🖼 |
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| --- | --- |
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| "Cloudwall" e kholo ke Cloudflare Inc., k'hamphani ea U.S.E fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa CDN (netweke ea phepelo ea litaba), ts'ebetso ea DDoS, ts'ireletso ea inthanete, le lits'ebeletso tsa DNS (seva tsa lebitso la domain). |  |
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| Cloudflare ke projeke e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ea MITM (moemeli ea fapaneng).Cloudflare e na le karolo e fetang 80% ea karolo ea 'maraka ea CDN mme palo ea basebelisi ba Cloudflare e ntse e eketseha letsatsi le leng le le leng.Ba hodisitse khokahano ea bona ea linaha tse fetang 100.Cloudflare e sebeletsa sephethephethe sa webo ho feta Twitter, Amazon, Apple, Instagram, Bing & Wikipedia e kopantsoeng.Cloudflare e fana ka moralo oa mahala 'me batho ba bangata ba e sebelisa ho fapana le ho hlophisa li-server tsa bona hantle.Ba ne ba rekisa boinotšing ka ho ba bonolo. |  |
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| Cloudflare e lutse pakeng tsa hau le webserver ea tlhaho, e sebetsa joalo ka moemeli oa patrol ea moeli.Ha o khone ho hokela sebakeng seo u se khethileng.U hokahana le Cloudflare 'me tlhaiso-leseling eohle ea hau e ntse e hlakisoa ebe e fuoa mapheo. |  |
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| Motsamaisi oa webserver ea tlhaho o lumelletse mosebeletsi - Cloudflare - ho etsa qeto ea hore na ke mang ea ka fihlelang "thepa ea bona ea marang-rang" le ho hlalosa "sebaka se thibetsoeng". |  |
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| Sheba setšoantšo se nepahetseng.U tla nahana hore Cloudflare thibela feela batho ba fosahetseng.U tla nahana hore Cloudflare e lula e le inthaneteng (le ka mohla e se ke ea theoha).U tla nahana hore li-bots le batsotsi ba ka tsebahatsa sebaka sa hau sa marang-rang. |  |
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| Leha ho le joalo tseo ha se 'nete ho hang.Cloudflare e thibela batho ba se nang molato ntle le lebaka.Cloudflare e ka theoha.Cloudflare e thibela bots bots. |  |
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| Feela joaloka ts'ebeletso e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea ho amohela, Cloudflare ha e ea nepahala.U tla bona skrini sena leha seva ea tšimoloho e sebetsa hantle. |  |
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| Na u hlile u nahana hore Cloudflare e na le 100% uptime?Ha u tsebe hore na Cloudflare e theoha hangata hakae.Haeba Cloudflare e theoha moreki oa hau a ke ke a kena webosaeteng ea hau. | <br> |
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| E bitsoa sena ha ho buuoa ka Great Firewall ea China e etsang mosebetsi o tšoanang le oa ho fafatsa batho ba bangata hore ba se bone litaba tsa webo (ke hore, motho e mong le e mong naheng ea Chaena le batho ba kantle).Le ha ka nako e tšoanang ba neng ba sa ameha ho bona sebaka se fapaneng sa marang-rang, sebaka sa marang-rang se senoloang joalo ka setšoantšo sa "monna oa tanka" le nalane ea boipelaetso ba "Tiananmen Square". |  |
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| Cloudflare e na le matla a maholo.Ka tsela e itseng, ba laola seo motho ea qetellang a se bonang qetellong.U thibetsoe ho bala webosaete ka lebaka la Cloudflare. |  |
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| Cloudflare e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa censorship. |  |
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| U ke ke ua sheba sebaka sa marang-rang se koahetsoeng ke marang haeba u sebelisa sebatli se senyenyane seo Cloudflare e ka nahanang hore ke bot (hobane ha se batho ba bangata ba e sebelisang). |  |
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| U ke ke ua fetisa "tlhahlobo ea" sebatli sena se hlaselang ntle le ho etsa hore Javascript.Ena ke tšenyo ea metsotso e mehlano (kapa ho feta) ea bophelo ba hau ba bohlokoa. |  |
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| Cloudflare e boetse e thibela ka botsona liroboto / likhabuli tse kang Google, Yandex, Yacy, le bareki ba API.Cloudflare e ntse e shebile sechaba sa "bypass Cloudflare" ka sepheo sa ho hlakola bots ea lipatlisiso. | <br> |
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| Cloudflare ka mokhoa o ts'oanang e thibela batho ba bangata ba nang le khokahano e mpe ea inthanete ho fihlella liwebosaete tse ka morao ho eona (mohlala, ba ka ba kamora mela e 7+ ea NAT kapa ba arolelana IP e le 'ngoe, mohlala Wifi ea sechaba) ntle le haeba ba rarolla li-CAPTCHA tse ngata tsa litšoantšo.Maemong a mang, sena se tla nka metsotso e 10 ho isa ho 30 ho khotsofatsa Google. |  |
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| Ka selemo sa 2020 Cloudflare e fetotse Recaptcha ea Google ho ea hCaptcha kaha Google e ikemiselitse ho lefisa ts'ebeliso ea eona.Cloudflare o bolelletse hore ba tsotella lekunutu la hao ("e thusa ho rarolla bothata ba lekunutu") empa ho hlakile hore hona ke leshano.Tsohle li mabapi le chelete."HCaptcha e lumella liwebosaete ho etsa chelete ho etsa tlhoko ena ha e ntse e thibela bots le mefuta e meng ea tlhekefetso" |  |
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| Ho latela pono ea mosebelisi, sena ha se fetohe haholo. U qobelloa ho e rarolla. | <br> |
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| Batho ba bangata le software ba ntse ba thibeloa ke Cloudflare letsatsi le leng le le leng. |  |
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| Cloudflare e khopisa batho ba bangata lefatseng ka bophara.Sheba lenane 'me u nahane hore na ho amohela Cloudflare sebakeng sa hau sa marang-rang ho nepahetse bakeng sa boiphihlelo ba mosebelisi. |  |
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| Morero oa inthanete ke eng haeba o sa khone ho etsa seo o se batlang?Batho ba bangata ba etetseng sebaka sa hau sa marang-rang ba tla sheba maqephe a mang haeba ba sa khone ho kenya leqephe la sebaka sa marang-rang.Mohlomong ha u thibele baeti ba bang ka mafolofolo, empa tšireletso ea mollo ea Cloudflare e tiile ka thata ho thibela batho ba bangata. | <br> |
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| Ha ho na mokhoa oa ho rarolla Captcha ntle le ho nolofalletsa Javascript le Cookies.Cloudflare e li sebelisa ho etsa signature ea sebatli ho u tseba.Cloudflare e hloka ho tseba boitsebiso ba hau ho etsa qeto ea hore na u bohlokoa ho tsoela pele ho bala sebaka sa marang-rang. |  |
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| Basebelisi ba Tor le basebelisi ba VPN le bona ke lehlatsipa la Cloudflare.Litharollo ka bobeli li sebelisoa ke batho ba bangata ba sa khoneng ho lefella marang-rang a sa sebetseng ka lebaka la leano la naha ea bona / khoebo / leqhubu la marang-rang kapa ba batlang ho eketsa tšireletso ea bona.Cloudflare e hlasela batho ba lihlong 'me e ba qobella ho tima tharollo ea projeke. |  |
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| Haeba u so ka ua leka Tor ho fihlela motsotso ona, re u khothaletsa ho jarolla Tor Browser mme u etele liwebosaete tseo u li ratang haholo.Re u khothaletsa hore u se ke oa kena webosaeteng ea hau ea banka kapa webpage ea mmuso kapa ba tla holetsa akhaonte ea hau. Sebelisa VPN bakeng sa marang-rang ao. |  |
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| U kanna ua batla ho re “Tor ha e molaong! Basebelisi ba Tor ke botlokotsebe! Tor e mpe! ". Che.U kanna oa ithuta ka Tor thelevisheneng, u re Tor e ka sebelisoa ho sheba lithunya tse lefifi le tsa khoebo, lithethefatsi kapa lithebe tsa bootsoa.Le ha polelo e kaholimo e le 'nete hore ho na le liwebosaete tse ngata tsa mmaraka moo u ka rekang lintho tse joalo, libaka tseo tsa marang-rang li boetse li hlaha le ho clearnet. |  |
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| Tor e ntlafalitsoe ke Sesole sa US, empa Tor ea hona joale e ntlafatsoa ke projeke ea Tor.Ho na le batho le mekhatlo e mengata e sebelisang Tor ho kenyelletsa metsoalle ea hau ea ka moso.Kahoo, haeba u sebelisa Cloudflare webosaeteng ea hau u thibela batho ba 'nete.U tla lahleheloa ke setsoalle le khoebo. |  |
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| Mme tšebeletso ea bona ea DNS, 1.1.1.1, e ntse e sefa basebelisi ho etela sebaka sena sa marang-rang ka ho khutlisetsa aterese e seng ea nnete ea IP e nang le Cloudflare, IP ea lehae e kang "127.0.0.x", kapa ho sa khutlise letho. | <br> |
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| Cloudflare DNS e boetse e hlakola software ea marang-rang ho tloha ho app ea smartphone ho ea papaling ea khomphutha ka lebaka la karabo ea bona e seng ea nnete ea DNS.Cloudflare DNS e ke ke ea botsa liwebosaete tse ling tsa banka. | <br> |
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| Mona u ka nahana,<br>Ha ke sebelise Tor kapa VPN, ke hobane'ng ha ke lokela ho tsotella?<br>Ke tšepa ho bapatsa ka Cloudflare, hobaneng ke lokela ho tsotella<br>Webosaete ea ka ke hore na ke hobane'ng ha ke lokela ho tsotella |  |
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| Haeba u etela sebaka sa marang-rang se sebelisang Cloudflare, ha o arolelane lintlha tsa hau ho mong'a sebaka sa marang-rang feela empa le Cloudflare.Tsela ea projeke ea morao tjena e sebetsa joang. |  |
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| Ho thata ho sekaseka ntle le ho hlakisa sephethephethe sa TLS. |  |
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| Cloudflare e tseba datha tsohle tsa hau joaloka password e tala. |  |
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| Cloudbeed e ka etsahala nako efe kapa efe. |  |
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| Li-https tsa Cloudflare ha li fele. |  |
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| Na u hlile u batla ho arolelana data ea hau le Cloudflare, le agency ea mangolo a 3? |  |
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| Boitsebiso bo fumanehang marang-rang ke "sehlahisoa" seo mmuso le lik'hamphani tse kholo tsa theknoloji ba batlang ho se reka. |  |
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| Lefapha la Ts'ireletso ea Lehae la U.S. le boletse:<br><br>Na o na le mohopolo oa hore na data eo u nang le eona e bohlokoa hakae? Na ho na le tsela eo u ka re rekisang eona? |  |
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| Cloudflare e boetse e fana ka tšebeletso ea MAHALA ea VPN e bitsoang "Cloudflare Warp".Haeba u e sebelisa, lihokela tsohle tsa hau tsa smartphone (kapa khomphutha ea hau) li romelloa ho li-server tsa Cloudflare.Cloudflare e ka tseba hore na u se balile webosaete efe, u behile maikutlo afe, le bao u buisaneng le bona, jj.U fana ka tlhahisoleseling eohle ea hau ho Cloudflare.Haeba u nahana “oa soasoa? Cloudflare e sireletsehile. ” ka nako eo o hloka ho ithuta hore na VPN e sebetsa joang. |  |
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| Cloudflare e re tšebeletso ea bona ea VPN e etsa hore marang-rang a hau a potlake.Empa VPN e etsa hore khokelo ea hau ea inthanete e liehe ho feta khokahano ea hau e teng. |  |
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| Mohlomong u se u ntse u tseba ka seratsoana sa PRISM.Ke nnete hore AT&T e lumella NSA ho kopitsa data eohle ea inthanete hore e hlahlojoe. |  |
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| Ha re re u sebetsa ho NSA, 'me u batla lebitso le leng le le leng la inthanete la baahi.Ua tseba boholo ba bona ba ts'epa Cloudflare ka bofofu 'me ba e sebelisa - e le' ngoe feela e kenang kahare - ho etsa bonnete ba khokahano ea seva ea k'hamphani (SSH / RDP), sebaka sa marang-rang, sebaka sa moqoqo, sebaka sa marang-rang, banka ea webosaete, webosaete ea inshorense, enjine ea ho batla, setho sa lekunutu Sebaka sa marang-rang, sebaka sa marang-rang sa mabenkele, mabenkele, marang-rang a video, sebaka sa NSFW le sebaka sa marang-rang se seng molaong.Hape oa tseba hore ba sebelisa tšebeletso ea Cloudflare's DNS ("1.1.1.1") le tšebeletso ea VPN ("Cloudflare Warp") bakeng sa "Sireletsehile! Kapele! Ho betere! ” boiphihlelo ba inthanete.Ho li kopanya le aterese ea IP ea mosebelisi, menoana ea li-browser, li-cookies le RAY-ID li tla ba molemo ho haha profilete ea sepheo sa hau. |  |
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| O batla ya bona ya data. U tla etsa Eng? |  |
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### Cloudflare ke pokello ea mahe a linotsi.
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### Mahe a linotsi a mahala bakeng sa motho e mong le e mong. Likhoele tse ling li khangoe.
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### Se ke oa sebelisa Cloudflare.
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### Etsa linaha tse ling marang-rang.
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---
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## Ka kopo, tsoela pele ho fihla leqepheng le latelang: "[Melao ea Cloudflare](st.ethics.md)"
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---
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<details>
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<summary>_nkotle_
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## Tlhahisoleseling le Leseli le Eketsehileng
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</summary>
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Sebaka sena sa polokelo ke lenane la liwebosaete tse ka morao ho "The Cloudwall" e kholo, e thibelang basebelisi ba Tor le li-CDN tse ling.
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**Lintlha**
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* [Cloudflare Inc.](../cloudflare_inc/)
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* [Basebelisi ba Cloudflare](../cloudflare_users/)
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* [Mehloli ea Cloudflare](../cloudflare_users/domains/)
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* [Basebelisi ba CDN bao e seng Cloudflare](../not_cloudflare/)
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* [Basebelisi ba Anti-Tor](../anti-tor_users/)
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**Leseli le Eketsehileng**
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* [Myth Catalog](../subfiles/myth_catalog.md)
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* [The Great Cloudwall](../pdf/2019-Jeff_Cliff_Book1.txt), [Mr. Jeff Cliff](https://shitposter.club/users/jeffcliff)
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* Khoasolla: [PDF](../pdf/2019-The_Great_Cloudwall.pdf), [ePUB](../pdf/2019-Jeff_Cliff_The_Great_Cloudwall.epub)
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* EBook ea mantlha (ePUB) e ile ea hlakoloa ke BookRix GmbH ka lebaka la tlolo ea molao ea thepa ea CC0
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* [Padlock icon indicates a secure SSL connection established w MITM-ed](https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=831835), Anonymous
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* [Block Global Active Adversary Cloudflare](https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/ticket/24351), nym-zone
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* Tekete e ile ea senyeha hangata.
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* [E felisitsoe ke Morero oa Tor.](https://lists.torproject.org/pipermail/anti-censorship-team/2020-May/000098.html) [Bona tekete ea 34175.](https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/ticket/34175)
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* [Tekete ea ho boloka polokelong ea litheko 24351.](https://web.archive.org/web/20200301013104/https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/ticket/24351)
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* [The problem with Cloudflare](https://neoreddit.horobets.me/post/43), stopCloudflare
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* [Cloudflare Watch](http://www.crimeflare.org:82/)
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* [Criticism and controversies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloudflare#Criticism_and_controversies), Wikipedia
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* [Another landmark day in the war to control, centralize and censor the internet.](https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/comments/b8dptl/another_landmark_day_in_the_war_to_control/), TheGoldenGoose8888
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* [Disadvantage of relying on only one service](https://twitter.com/w3Nicolas/status/1134529316904153089) ([DO is CF](https://www.digwebinterface.com/?hostnames=ns1.digitalocean.com%0D%0Ans2.digitalocean.com%0D%0Ans3.digitalocean.com%0D%0Awww.digitalocean.com&type=A&ns=resolver&useresolver=8.8.4.4&nameservers=))
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</details>
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---
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<details>
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<summary>_nkotle_
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## U ka etsa eng?
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</summary>
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* [Bala lethathamo la rona la liketso tse khothaletsoang 'me u li arolelane le metsoalle ea hau.](../ACTION.md)
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* [Bala lentsoe la motho e mong 'me u ngole maikutlo a hao.](../PEOPLE.md)
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* Batla ho hong: [Ansero](https://ansero.wodferndripvpe6ib4uz4rtngrnzichnirgn7t5x64gxcyroopbhsuqd.onion/) ([clearnet](https://ansero.eu.org/)), [Crimeflare \#Search](https://crimeflare.wodferndripvpe6ib4uz4rtngrnzichnirgn7t5x64gxcyroopbhsuqd.onion/) ([clearnet](https://crimeflare.eu.org/))
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* Ntlafatsa lenane la sebaka sa marang-rang: [Litaelo tsa lenane](../INSTRUCTION.md).
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* [Kenya Cloudflare kapa ketsahalo e amanang le morero ho nalane.](../HISTORY.md)
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* [Leka le ho ngola Tool / script e ncha](../tool/)
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* [Mona ke tse ling tsa PDF / ePUB tseo u lokelang ho li bala.](../pdf/)
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---
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### Mabapi le liak'haonte tsa nnete
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Bakuli ba botlokotsebe ba tseba ka boteng ba litlaleho tse seng tsa nnete tse etsisang lits'ebetso tsa rona tsa semmuso, ekaba Twitter, Facebook, Patreon, OpenCollective, Baahi jj.
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**Ha ho mohla re botsa lengolo-tsoibila la hau.
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Ha ho mohla re botsa lebitso la hau.
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Ha ho mohla re botsa boitsebiso ba hau.
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Ha ho mohla re botsang sebaka sa hau.
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Ha ho mohla re kopa monehelo oa hau.
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Ha ho mohla re botsa maikutlo a hau.
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Ha ho mohla re u kopang hore u latele mecha ea litaba ea sechaba.
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Ha ho mohla re botsa mecha ea litaba ea sechaba.**
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# SE KE UA TUSTEPA HO FUMANA LITLHAKISO.
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</details>
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