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Add follower synchronization mechanism (#14510)
* Add support for followers synchronization on the receiving end

Check the `collectionSynchronization` attribute on `Create` and `Announce`
activities and synchronize followers from provided collection if possible.

* Add tests for followers synchronization on the receiving end

* Add support for follower synchronization on the sender's end

* Add tests for the sending end

* Switch from AS attributes to HTTP header

Replace the custom `collectionSynchronization` ActivityStreams attribute by
an HTTP header (`X-AS-Collection-Synchronization`) with the same syntax as
the `Signature` header and the following fields:
- `collectionId` to specify which collection to synchronize
- `digest` for the SHA256 hex-digest of the list of followers known on the
   receiving instance (where “receiving instance” is determined by accounts
   sharing the same host name for their ActivityPub actor `id`)
- `url` of a collection that should be fetched by the instance actor

Internally, move away from the webfinger-based `domain` attribute and use
account `uri` prefix to group accounts.

* Add environment variable to disable followers synchronization

Since the whole mechanism relies on some new preconditions that, in some
extremely rare cases, might not be met, add an environment variable
(DISABLE_FOLLOWERS_SYNCHRONIZATION) to disable the mechanism altogether and
avoid followers being incorrectly removed.

The current conditions are:
1. all managed accounts' actor `id` and inbox URL have the same URI scheme and
   netloc.
2. all accounts whose actor `id` or inbox URL share the same URI scheme and
   netloc as a managed account must be managed by the same Mastodon instance
   as well.

As far as Mastodon is concerned, breaking those preconditions require extensive
configuration changes in the reverse proxy and might also cause other issues.

Therefore, this environment variable provides a way out for people with highly
unusual configurations, and can be safely ignored for the overwhelming majority
of Mastodon administrators.

* Only set follower synchronization header on non-public statuses

This is to avoid unnecessary computations and allow Follow-related
activities to be handled by the usual codepath instead of going through
the synchronization mechanism (otherwise, any Follow/Undo/Accept activity
would trigger the synchronization mechanism even if processing the activity
itself would be enough to re-introduce synchronization)

* Change how ActivityPub::SynchronizeFollowersService handles follow requests

If the remote lists a local follower which we only know has sent a follow
request, consider the follow request as accepted instead of sending an Undo.

* Integrate review feeback

- rename X-AS-Collection-Synchronization to Collection-Synchronization
- various minor refactoring and code style changes

* Only select required fields when computing followers_hash

* Use actor URI rather than webfinger domain in synchronization endpoint

* Change hash computation to be a XOR of individual hashes

Makes it much easier to be memory-efficient, and avoid sorting discrepancy issues.

* Marginally improve followers_hash computation speed

* Further improve hash computation performances by using pluck_each
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README.md

Mastodon

GitHub release Build Status Code Climate Crowdin Docker Pulls

Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub where users can follow friends and discover new ones. On Mastodon, users can publish anything they want: links, pictures, text, video. All Mastodon servers are interoperable as a federated network (users on one server can seamlessly communicate with users from another one, including non-Mastodon software that implements ActivityPub)!

Click below to learn more in a video:

Screenshot

Navigation

Features

No vendor lock-in: Fully interoperable with any conforming platform

It doesn't have to be Mastodon, whatever implements ActivityPub is part of the social network! Learn more

Real-time, chronological timeline updates

See the updates of people you're following appear in real-time in the UI via WebSockets. There's a firehose view as well!

Media attachments like images and short videos

Upload and view images and WebM/MP4 videos attached to the updates. Videos with no audio track are treated like GIFs; normal videos are looped - like vines!

Safety and moderation tools

Private posts, locked accounts, phrase filtering, muting, blocking and all sorts of other features, along with a reporting and moderation system. Learn more

OAuth2 and a straightforward REST API

Mastodon acts as an OAuth2 provider so 3rd party apps can use the REST and Streaming APIs, resulting in a rich app ecosystem with a lot of choices!

Deployment

Tech stack:

  • Ruby on Rails powers the REST API and other web pages
  • React.js and Redux are used for the dynamic parts of the interface
  • Node.js powers the streaming API

Requirements:

  • PostgreSQL 9.5+
  • Redis 4+
  • Ruby 2.5+
  • Node.js 10.13+

The repository includes deployment configurations for Docker and docker-compose, but also a few specific platforms like Heroku, Scalingo, and Nanobox. The stand-alone installation guide is available in the documentation.

A Vagrant configuration is included for development purposes.

Contributing

Mastodon is free, open-source software licensed under AGPLv3.

You can open issues for bugs you've found or features you think are missing. You can also submit pull requests to this repository, or submit translations using Crowdin. To get started, take a look at CONTRIBUTING.md. If your contributions are accepted into Mastodon, you can request to be paid through our OpenCollective.

IRC channel: #mastodon on irc.freenode.net

License

Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Eugen Rochko & other Mastodon contributors (see AUTHORS.md)

This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.