# # Configuring BIND # Config files ------------ named.conf, root.hints, 127.0.0, rndc.conf and resolv.conf Configuration Information BIND will be configured to run in a chroot jail as an unprivileged user (named). This configuration is more secure in that a DNS compromise can only affect a few files in the named user's HOME directory. The unprivileged user and group named are alredy setup Set up some files, directories and devices needed by BIND: cd /srv/named && mkdir -p dev etc/namedb/{slave,pz} usr/lib/engines var/run/named && mknod /srv/named/dev/null c 1 3 && mknod /srv/named/dev/random c 1 8 && chmod 666 /srv/named/dev/{null,random} && cp /etc/localtime etc && touch /srv/named/managed-keys.bind && cp /usr/lib/engines/libgost.so usr/lib/engines && [ $(uname -m) = x86_64 ] && ln -sv lib usr/lib64 The rndc.conf file contains information for controlling named operations with the rndc utility. Generate a key for use in the named.conf and rdnc.conf with the rndc-confgen command: rndc-confgen -r /dev/urandom -b 512 > /etc/rndc.conf && sed '/conf/d;/^#/!d;s:^# ::' /etc/rndc.conf > /srv/named/etc/named.conf Complete the named.conf file from which named will read the location of zone files, root name servers and secure DNS keys: cat >> /srv/named/etc/named.conf << "EOF" options { directory "/etc/namedb"; pid-file "/var/run/named.pid"; statistics-file "/var/run/named.stats"; }; zone "." { type hint; file "root.hints"; }; zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "pz/127.0.0"; }; // Bind 9 now logs by default through syslog (except debug). // These are the default logging rules. logging { category default { default_syslog; default_debug; }; category unmatched { null; }; channel default_syslog { syslog daemon; // send to syslog's daemon // facility severity info; // only send priority info // and higher }; channel default_debug { file "named.run"; // write to named.run in // the working directory // Note: stderr is used instead // of "named.run" // if the server is started // with the '-f' option. severity dynamic; // log at the server's // current debug level }; channel default_stderr { stderr; // writes to stderr severity info; // only send priority info // and higher }; channel null { null; // toss anything sent to // this channel }; }; EOF Create a zone file with the following contents: cat > /srv/named/etc/namedb/pz/127.0.0 << "EOF" $TTL 3D @ IN SOA ns.local.domain. hostmaster.local.domain. ( 1 ; Serial 8H ; Refresh 2H ; Retry 4W ; Expire 1D) ; Minimum TTL NS ns.local.domain. 1 PTR localhost. EOF Create the root.hints file with the following commands: [Note] Note Caution must be used to ensure there are no leading spaces in this file. cat > /srv/named/etc/namedb/root.hints << "EOF" . 6D IN NS A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 6D IN NS B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 6D IN NS C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 6D IN NS D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 6D IN NS E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 6D IN NS F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 6D IN NS G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 6D IN NS H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 6D IN NS I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 6D IN NS J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 6D IN NS K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 6D IN NS L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 6D IN NS M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 198.41.0.4 B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.228.79.201 C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.33.4.12 D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 199.7.91.13 E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.203.230.10 F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.5.5.241 G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.112.36.4 H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 128.63.2.53 I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.36.148.17 J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 192.58.128.30 K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 193.0.14.129 L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 199.7.83.42 M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 6D IN A 202.12.27.33 EOF The root.hints file is a list of root name servers. This file must be updated periodically with the dig utility. A current copy of root.hints can be obtained from ftp://rs.internic.net/domain/named.root. Consult the BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual for details. Create or modify resolv.conf to use the new name server with the following commands: [Note] Replace with your own valid domain name. cp /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.bak && cat > /etc/resolv.conf << "EOF" search nameserver 127.0.0.1 EOF Set permissions on the chroot jail with the following command: chown -R named:named /srv/named Boot Script Now start BIND with the new boot script: /etc/rc.d/init.d/bind start Testing BIND Test out the new BIND 9 installation. First query the local host address with dig: dig -x 127.0.0.1 Now try an external name lookup, taking note of the speed difference in repeated lookups due to the caching. Run the dig command twice on the same address: dig www.linuxfromscratch.org && dig www.linuxfromscratch.org You can see almost instantaneous results with the named caching lookups. Consult the BIND Administrator Reference Manual located at doc/arm/Bv9ARM.html in the package source tree, for further configuration options.