use core::convert::TryInto;
use core::ffi::c_void;
use core::slice::from_raw_parts;

use std::convert::TryFrom;
use std::ffi::{CString, CStr};
use std::ops::Deref;
use std::os::raw::{c_uint, c_char};
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
use std::pin::Pin;
use std::time::Duration;

use num_enum::TryFromPrimitive;

use super::constants::*;
use super::ffi::*;
use super::loading::*;

static mut CB_SINGLETON: StaticCallbacks = StaticCallbacks {
    handler: None,
};

// stable Rust doesn't have varargs, so we can't represent a callback with the signature of
//  void (*retro_log_printf_t)(enum retro_log_level level, const char* fmt, ...)
//  without a little help from an Actual-C wrapper.
pub type WrappedLogPrintFn = extern "C" fn(level: LogLevel, fmt: *const c_char);
extern "C"  {
    fn c_ext_handle_get_log_interface(cb: *mut LogCallback) -> bool;
    fn c_ext_set_log_print_cb(cb: WrappedLogPrintFn);
}

#[allow(unused)]
pub trait Handler: Unpin + 'static {
    fn libretro_core(&mut self) -> &mut LibretroWrapper;
    fn delegate_handler(&self) -> Option<&mut dyn Handler> { None }

    // -- main callbacks --
    fn video_refresh(&mut self, data: &[u8], width: c_uint, height: c_uint, pitch: c_uint) {}
    fn audio_sample(&mut self, left: i16, right: i16) {}
    fn audio_sample_batch(&mut self, stereo_pcm: &[i16]) -> usize { stereo_pcm.len() }
    fn input_poll(&mut self) {}
    fn input_state(&mut self, port: u32, device: Input, index: DeviceIndex) -> i16 { 0 }

    // -- environment callbacks --
    fn set_rotation(&mut self, rotation: EnvRotation) -> bool { false }
    fn get_overscan(&mut self) -> Option<bool> { None }
    fn get_can_dupe(&mut self) -> Option<bool> { None }
    fn set_message(&mut self, message: Message) -> bool { false }
    fn shutdown(&mut self) -> bool { false }
    fn set_performance_level(&mut self, level: c_uint) -> bool { false }
    fn get_system_directory(&mut self) -> Option<PathBuf> { None }
    fn set_pixel_format(&mut self, format: PixelFormat) -> bool { false }
    fn set_input_descriptors(&mut self, input_descriptors: &[InputDescriptor]) -> bool { false }
    fn set_hw_render(&mut self, hw_render_callback: HwRenderCallback) -> bool { false }
    fn get_variable(&mut self, key: &str) -> Option<String> { None }
    fn set_variables(&mut self, variables: &[VariableDescriptor]) -> bool { false }
    fn get_variable_update(&mut self) -> Option<bool> { None }
    fn set_support_no_game(&mut self, supports_no_game: bool) -> bool { false }
    fn get_libretro_path(&mut self) -> Option<PathBuf> { None }
    fn get_input_device_capabilities(&mut self) -> Option<u64> { None }
    fn get_sensor_interface(&mut self) -> Option<SensorInterface> { None }
    fn get_camera_interface(&mut self) -> Option<CameraCallback> { None }
    fn get_log_interface(&mut self) -> Option<LogCallback> { None }
    fn get_perf_interface(&mut self) -> Option<PerfCallback> { None }
    fn get_location_interface(&mut self) -> Option<LocationCallback> { None }
    fn get_core_assets_directory(&mut self) -> Option<PathBuf> { None }
    fn get_save_directory(&mut self) -> Option<PathBuf> { None }
    fn set_system_av_info(&mut self, system_av_info: SystemAvInfo) -> bool { false }
    fn set_proc_address_callback(&mut self, cb: GetProcAddressInterface) -> bool { false }
    fn set_subsystem_info(&mut self, subsystem_info: SubsystemInfo) -> bool { false }
    fn set_controller_info(&mut self, controller_info: ControllerInfo) -> bool { false }
    fn set_memory_maps(&mut self, memory_map: MemoryMap) -> bool { false }
    fn set_geometry(&mut self, game_geometry: GameGeometry) -> bool { false }
    fn get_username(&mut self) -> Option<String> { None }
    fn get_language(&mut self) -> Option<Language> { None }
    // fn set_serialization_quirks(&mut self, quirks: &mut u64) -> bool { false }

    // -- environment-set callbacks (API extensions) --
    fn log_print(&mut self, level: LogLevel, msg: &str) {}
    fn set_rumble_state(&mut self, port: c_uint, effect: RumbleEffect, strength: u16) -> bool { false }
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct VariableDescriptor {
    pub key: String,
    pub description: String,
    pub options: Vec<String>,
}

#[derive(Default)]
struct StaticCallbacks {
    handler: Option<Pin<&'static mut dyn Handler>>,
}

unsafe impl Sync for StaticCallbacks {}

impl StaticCallbacks {
    // helpers for environ cb
    fn clone_into_void<T: Clone>(data: *mut c_void, source: &T) -> Option<bool> {
        unsafe { (data as *mut T).as_mut() }?.clone_from(source);
        Some(true)
    }
    fn string_into_void(data: *mut c_void, source: impl AsRef<str>) -> Option<bool> {
        *unsafe { (data as *mut *const c_char).as_mut()? } = CString::new(source.as_ref()).ok()?.into_raw();
        Some(true)
    }
    fn path_into_void(data: *mut c_void, source: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Option<bool> {
        Self::string_into_void(data, source.as_ref().to_string_lossy())
    }
    fn from_void<T>(data: *mut c_void) -> Option<&'static mut T> {
        unsafe { (data as *mut T).as_mut() }
    }
    fn enum_from_void<T>(data: *mut c_void) -> Option<T>
        where T: TryFromPrimitive, <T as TryFromPrimitive>::Primitive: 'static
    {
        let number = Self::from_void(data).cloned()?;
        T::try_from_primitive(number).ok()
    }
    fn environment_cb_inner(cmd: u32, data: *mut c_void) -> Option<bool> {
        let maybe_handler = unsafe { CB_SINGLETON.handler.as_mut() };
        if maybe_handler.is_none() {
            eprintln!(
                "WARNING: env cmd {} called before handler set!",
                match EnvCmd::try_from(cmd) {
                    Ok(x) => format!("{:?}", x),
                    Err(_) => format!("{}", cmd),
                }
            );
        }
        let handler = maybe_handler?;
        let parsed_cmd = cmd.try_into().ok();
        if cfg!(debug) && parsed_cmd.is_none() {
            eprintln!(
                "Unknown{} env cmd: {}",
                if cmd >= ENVIRONMENT_EXPERIMENTAL { ", experimental" } else { "" },
                cmd % ENVIRONMENT_EXPERIMENTAL
            );
        }
        match parsed_cmd? {
            EnvCmd::SetRotation => handler.set_rotation(Self::enum_from_void(data)?),
            EnvCmd::GetOverscan => Self::clone_into_void(data, &handler.get_overscan()?)?,
            EnvCmd::GetCanDupe => Self::clone_into_void(data, &handler.get_can_dupe()?)?,
            EnvCmd::SetMessage => handler.set_message(Self::from_void::<Message>(data)?.clone()),
            EnvCmd::Shutdown => handler.shutdown(),
            EnvCmd::SetPerformanceLevel => handler.set_performance_level(*Self::from_void(data)?),
            EnvCmd::GetSystemDirectory => Self::path_into_void(data, handler.get_system_directory()?)?,
            EnvCmd::SetPixelFormat => handler.set_pixel_format(PixelFormat::from_uint(*Self::from_void(data)?)?),
            // TODO EnvCmd::SetInputDescriptors => {},
            EnvCmd::SetKeyboardCallback => {
                let kc: &mut KeyboardCallback = Self::from_void(data)?;
                handler.libretro_core().keyboard_event_cb.replace(kc.callback);
                true
            },
            EnvCmd::SetDiskControlInterface => {
                let dcc: &mut DiskControlCallback = Self::from_void(data)?;
                let core = handler.libretro_core();
                core.disk_set_eject_state_cb.replace(dcc.set_eject_state);
                core.disk_get_eject_state_cb.replace(dcc.get_eject_state);
                core.disk_set_image_index_cb.replace(dcc.set_image_index);
                core.disk_get_image_index_cb.replace(dcc.get_image_index);
                core.disk_get_num_images_cb.replace(dcc.get_num_images);
                core.disk_replace_image_index_cb.replace(dcc.replace_image_index);
                core.disk_add_image_index_cb.replace(dcc.add_image_index);
                true
            },
            // TODO EnvCmd::SetHwRender => {},
            EnvCmd::GetVariable => {
                let mut var = Self::from_void::<Variable>(data)?;
                let key = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(var.key) }.to_str().ok()?;
                let value = handler.get_variable(key)?;
                // leaks memory.
                var.value = CString::new(value).ok()?.into_raw();
                true
            },
            EnvCmd::SetVariables => {
                let mut var = data as *const Variable;
                let mut descriptors = Vec::new();
                while !unsafe { var.as_ref() }?.key.is_null() {
                    let key = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr({ var.as_ref() }?.key) }.to_str().ok()?.to_string();
                    let value = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr({ var.as_ref() }?.value) }.to_str().ok()?;
                    let split: Vec<&str> = value.splitn(2, "; ").collect();
                    let description = split.get(0)?.to_string();
                    let options = split.get(1)?.split('|').map(String::from).collect();
                    descriptors.push(VariableDescriptor { key, description, options });
                    var = var.wrapping_add(1);
                }
                handler.set_variables(descriptors.as_ref())
            },
            EnvCmd::GetVariableUpdate => Self::clone_into_void(data, &handler.get_variable_update()?)?,
            EnvCmd::SetSupportNoGame => handler.set_support_no_game(*Self::from_void(data)?),
            EnvCmd::GetLibretroPath => Self::path_into_void(data, handler.get_libretro_path()?)?,
            EnvCmd::SetFrameTimeCallback => {
                let ftc: &mut FrameTimeCallback = Self::from_void(data)?;
                handler.libretro_core().frame_time_cb.replace(ftc.callback);
                true
            },
            EnvCmd::SetAudioCallback => {
                let ac: &mut AudioCallback = Self::from_void(data)?;
                handler.libretro_core().audio_ready_cb.replace(ac.callback);
                handler.libretro_core().audio_set_state_cb.replace(ac.set_state);
                true
            },
            EnvCmd::GetRumbleInterface => {
                let ri = RumbleInterface { set_rumble_state: StaticCallbacks::set_rumble_state_cb };
                Self::clone_into_void(data, &ri)?
            },
            // TODO: wrap this in something nicer than a raw u64 bit field
            EnvCmd::GetInputDeviceCapabilities => Self::clone_into_void(data, &handler.get_input_device_capabilities()?)?,
            // TODO EnvCmd::GetSensorInterface => {},
            // TODO EnvCmd::GetCameraInterface => {},
            EnvCmd::GetLogInterface => unsafe { c_ext_handle_get_log_interface(data as *mut LogCallback) },
            // TODO EnvCmd::GetPerfInterface => {},
            // TODO EnvCmd::GetLocationInterface => {},
            EnvCmd::GetCoreAssetsDirectory => Self::path_into_void(data, handler.get_core_assets_directory()?)?,
            EnvCmd::GetSaveDirectory => Self::path_into_void(data, handler.get_save_directory()?)?,
            EnvCmd::SetSystemAvInfo => handler.set_system_av_info(Self::from_void::<SystemAvInfo>(data)?.clone()),
            // TODO EnvCmd::SetProcAddressCallback => {},
            // TODO EnvCmd::SetSubsystemInfo => {},
            EnvCmd::SetControllerInfo => {
                // TODO: actually implement (wrap in rustic types and send to Handler)
                let info = unsafe { (data as *const ControllerInfo).as_ref() }?;
                let types = unsafe { from_raw_parts(info.types, info.num_types as usize) };
                for t in types {
                    let orig_name = match DeviceType::try_from(t.id) {
                        Ok(x) => format!("{:?}", x),
                        Err(_) => format!("[Device ID 0x{:x?}]", t.id),
                    };
                    let new_name = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(t.desc) }.to_string_lossy();
                    eprintln!("SetControllerInfo: {} is {}", orig_name, new_name);
                }
                true
            },
            // TODO EnvCmd::SetMemoryMaps => {},
            EnvCmd::SetGeometry => handler.set_geometry(Self::from_void::<GameGeometry>(data)?.clone()),
            EnvCmd::GetUsername => Self::string_into_void(data, handler.get_username()?)?,
            EnvCmd::GetLanguage => Self::clone_into_void(data, &handler.get_language()?)?,
            // EnvCmd::SetSerializationQuirks => handler.set_serialization_quirks(Self::from_void(data)?),
            x => {
                eprintln!("Known but unsupported env cmd: {:?}", x);
                false
            },
        }.into()
    }
    extern "C" fn environment_cb(cmd: u32, data: *mut c_void) -> bool {
        Self::environment_cb_inner(cmd, data).unwrap_or(false)
    }

    extern "C" fn video_refresh_cb(
        data: *const c_void,
        width: c_uint,
        height: c_uint,
        pitch: usize,
    ) {
        if !data.is_null() && data != HW_FRAME_BUFFER_VALID {
            if let Some(cb) = unsafe { CB_SINGLETON.handler.as_mut() } {
                let data = data as *const u8;
                let len = pitch * (height as usize);
                let slice = unsafe { from_raw_parts(data, len) };
                cb.video_refresh(slice, width, height, pitch as u32);
            }
        }
    }
    extern "C" fn audio_sample_cb(left: i16, right: i16) {
        if let Some(cb) = unsafe { CB_SINGLETON.handler.as_mut() } {
            cb.audio_sample(left, right);
        }
    }
    extern "C" fn audio_sample_batch_cb(data: *const i16, frames: usize) -> usize {
        unsafe {
            match CB_SINGLETON.handler.as_mut() {
                Some(cb) => match data.is_null() {
                    true => 0,
                    false => {
                        let len = frames * 2; // stereo
                        let result = cb.audio_sample_batch(from_raw_parts(data, len));
                        result / 2
                    },
                },
                None => 0,
            }
        }
    }
    extern "C" fn input_poll_cb() {
        unsafe { CB_SINGLETON.handler.as_mut().map(|cb| cb.input_poll()) };
    }
    extern "C" fn input_state_cb(port: c_uint, device: c_uint, index: c_uint, id: c_uint) -> i16 {
        match unsafe { CB_SINGLETON.handler.as_mut() } {
            Some(cb) => match ((device, id).try_into(), index.try_into()) {
                (Ok(input), Ok(index)) => cb.input_state(port, input, index),
                _ => 0,
            },
            None => 0,
        }
    }

    extern "C" fn log_print_cb(level: LogLevel, msg: *const c_char) {
        unsafe {
            if let Some(cb) = CB_SINGLETON.handler.as_mut() {
                cb.log_print(level, CStr::from_ptr(msg).to_string_lossy().as_ref());
            }
        }
    }

    extern "C" fn set_rumble_state_cb(port: c_uint, effect: RumbleEffect, strength: u16) -> bool {
        match unsafe { CB_SINGLETON.handler.as_mut() } {
            Some(cb) => cb.set_rumble_state(port, effect, strength),
            None => false,
        }
    }
}

pub struct LibretroWrapper {
    api: LibretroApi,
    keyboard_event_cb: Option<KeyboardEventFn>,
    frame_time_cb: Option<FrameTimeCallbackFn>,
    audio_ready_cb: Option<AudioCallbackFn>,
    audio_set_state_cb: Option<AudioSetStateCallbackFn>,
    disk_get_eject_state_cb: Option<GetEjectStateFn>,
    disk_set_eject_state_cb: Option<SetEjectStateFn>,
    disk_get_image_index_cb: Option<GetImageIndexFn>,
    disk_set_image_index_cb: Option<SetImageIndexFn>,
    disk_get_num_images_cb: Option<GetNumImagesFn>,
    disk_replace_image_index_cb: Option<ReplaceImageIndexFn>,
    disk_add_image_index_cb: Option<AddImageIndexFn>,
}

impl From<LibretroApi> for LibretroWrapper {
    fn from(api: LibretroApi) -> Self {
        LibretroWrapper {
            api,
            keyboard_event_cb: None,
            frame_time_cb: None,
            audio_ready_cb: None,
            audio_set_state_cb: None,
            disk_set_eject_state_cb: None,
            disk_get_eject_state_cb: None,
            disk_get_image_index_cb: None,
            disk_set_image_index_cb: None,
            disk_get_num_images_cb: None,
            disk_replace_image_index_cb: None,
            disk_add_image_index_cb: None
        }
    }
}

impl LibretroWrapper {
    // TODO: enum for the RETROK_* constants instead of c_uint for keycode...
    pub fn keyboard_event(&self, down: bool, keycode: c_uint, character: u32, key_modifiers: u16) -> Option<()> {
        self.keyboard_event_cb.map(|f| unsafe { f(down, keycode, character, key_modifiers) })
    }
    pub fn frame_time(&self, time: Duration) -> Option<()> {
        self.frame_time_cb.map(|f| unsafe { f(time.as_micros() as Usec) })
    }
    pub fn audio_ready(&self) -> Option<()> {
        self.audio_ready_cb.map(|f| unsafe { f() })
    }
    pub fn audio_set_state(&self, enabled: bool) -> Option<()> {
        self.audio_set_state_cb.map(|f| unsafe { f(enabled) })
    }
    pub fn disk_get_eject_state(&self) -> Option<bool> {
        self.disk_get_eject_state_cb.map(|f| unsafe { f() })
    }
    pub fn disk_set_eject_state(&self, ejected: bool) -> Option<bool> {
        self.disk_set_eject_state_cb.map(|f| unsafe { f(ejected) })
    }
    pub fn disk_get_image_index(&self) -> Option<c_uint> {
        self.disk_get_image_index_cb.map(|f| unsafe { f() })
    }
    pub fn disk_set_image_index(&self, index: c_uint) -> Option<bool> {
        self.disk_set_image_index_cb.map(|f| unsafe { f(index) })
    }
    pub fn disk_get_num_images(&self) -> Option<c_uint> {
        self.disk_get_num_images_cb.map(|f| unsafe { f() })
    }
    pub fn disk_replace_image_index(&self, index: c_uint, info: Option<GameInfo>) -> Option<bool> {
        self.disk_replace_image_index_cb.map(|f| unsafe {
            let info_ptr = match info {
                None => ::core::ptr::null(),
                Some(x) => &x,
            };
            f(index, info_ptr)
        })
    }
    pub fn disk_add_image_index(&self) -> Option<bool> {
        self.disk_add_image_index_cb.map(|f| unsafe { f() })
    }
}

impl Deref for LibretroWrapper {
    type Target = LibretroApi;
    fn deref(&self) -> &LibretroApi {
        &self.api
    }
}

// a note on lifetimes: we explicitly lie about them here because as long as they live as long as
//  the library wrapper itself we're good (we wipe our 'static references on drop() too)
pub fn set_handler(handler: Pin<&'_ mut (dyn Handler + '_)>) {
    unsafe {
        let ptr = handler.get_unchecked_mut() as *mut dyn Handler;
        CB_SINGLETON.handler.replace(Pin::new_unchecked(ptr.as_mut().unwrap()));

        c_ext_set_log_print_cb(StaticCallbacks::log_print_cb);
    }
    // some cores start calling the environment cb as soon as we call retro_set_environment,
    //  not waiting for a call to retro_init - so we'd better have CB_SINGLETON set first
    let api = unsafe { CB_SINGLETON.handler.as_mut() }.unwrap().libretro_core();
    api.set_environment(StaticCallbacks::environment_cb);
    api.set_video_refresh(StaticCallbacks::video_refresh_cb);
    api.set_audio_sample(StaticCallbacks::audio_sample_cb);
    api.set_audio_sample_batch(StaticCallbacks::audio_sample_batch_cb);
    api.set_input_poll(StaticCallbacks::input_poll_cb);
    api.set_input_state(StaticCallbacks::input_state_cb);
}

pub fn unset_handler() {
    unsafe {
        CB_SINGLETON.handler.take();
    }
}